ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To determine the value of the quantitative analysis of lung biopsies from patients with congenital cardiac defects. METHODS: Fourty nine biopsies were examined, from patients: 43 patients increased pulmonary blood flow, 3 with pulmonary atresia and large systemic-to-pulmonary collateral vessels, and 3 with decreased pulmonary flow. The degree of lesion was determined as in Heath-Edwards and of Rabinovitch and col. RESULTS: The Heath and Edwards grade was determined in 41 cases; I in nine; II in 23; III in eight; IV in one; 3 biopsies showed evidence of reduced pulmonary flow and 5 had no signs of vascular disease. The Down patients (7) presented a greater proportion of severe lesions. Quantitative evaluation was obtained in 35 biopsies: 11 had grade B and 24 had grade C. Wall atrophy and dilatation of intraacinar arteries were detected in 7 cases, what suggested the existence of obstructive lesions in proximal vessels, even if not sampled. Medical thickness greater than 2 times the normal were observed in pre-acinar arteries from 14 biopsies. CONCLUSION: The morphometric approach allowed us to detect severe lesions which the qualitative analysis alone would not indicate adequately. In the patients presenting decreased pulmonary flow, morphometry made possible to assess if the degree of arterial wall hypertrophy was compatible with a surgery of atrio-pulmonary anastomosis.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Pulmonary Artery , Heart Defects, Congenital/complications , Hypertension, Pulmonary/etiology , Lung/pathology , Retrospective Studies , Hypertension, Pulmonary/pathology , Severity of Illness IndexABSTRACT
PURPOSE--To report the accumulated experience in the treatment of patients with postoperative chylothorax (CHT) recovery utilizing pleural drainage associated to alipoidic diet and/or intravenous nutrition. METHODS--The aim of this work is to analyse the management of 11 patients (8 males; 11 months to 70 years old) with post-operative CHT. The previous pathologies were: congenital heart disease in 7; coronary insufficiency in 2; pulmonary tumor in 1 and mediastinal tumor in 1. The diagnosis was made up to 2nd postoperative week in 6, up to 4th week in 3 and later in 2 patients. The volume through the drain ranged from 200 to 3200ml/24h (median 636ml/24h). The laboratory diagnosis was made by lipidic presence in pleural effusion. In all patients the clinical management was made by hipo or alipoidic diet. RESULTS--In 7 the response was good with a decrease of drainage progressively. In 4, it was necessary the introduction of intravenous nutrition by the insufficient response and maintenance of drainage. The reoperation was not used and lymph fistula closed in a period until 10 days in 1 patient; until 20 days in 6 and after this in 4. CONCLUSION--In conclusion, the post-operative CHT may be treated by thoracic drainage and alipoidic diet and/or intravenous nutrition with fistula closure in all patients and without need of reoperation
Objetivo - Relatar a experiência acumulada no tratamento de pacientes portadores de quilotórax (QT) pós-operatório com o uso de drenagem pleural associada à dieta alipídica e/ou nutrição parental. Métodos - Foram analisados 11 pacientes (8 do sexo masculino, com idade variando de 11 meses a 70 anos) com QT pós-operatório. As patologias eram: cardiopatias congênitas em 7; insuficiência coronária em 2; tamoração pulmonar em 1 e mediastinal em 1. O diagnóstico foi feito até a 2ª semana de pós-operatório em 6, até a 4ª semana em 3 e mais tardiamente em 2. Todos os pacientes foram submetidos à punção e/ou drenagem torácica e o volume drenado variou de 200 a 3200ml/24h (média de 636ml/24h). O diagnóstico laboratorial foi feito pela presença de lipídios no líquido pleural. Em todos os pacientes, o tratamento clínico constou de dieta hipo ou alipídica. Resultados - Em 7 pacientes houve uma diminuição da drenagem mas em 4 foi necessária a introdução de nutrição parenteral, visto que a diminuição da drenagem não ocorreu. A reoperação não foi realizada em qualquer um destes pacientes e houve fechamento da fístulan um período de 10 dias em 1 paciente, até 20 dias embe em mais de 20 dias em 4. Conclusão - O QT pós-operatório pode ser tratado por drenagem torácica e dieta alipídica e/ou nutrição parenteral com fechamento da fístula em todos os pacientes, sem necessidade de reoperação